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ObjectiveTo study the mechanism of Danggui Sinitang in mitigating gouty arthritis （GA） in rats by regulating autophagy via the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase （PI3K）/protein kinase B （Akt）/mammalian target of rapamycin （mTOR） signaling pathway. MethodSixty male SD rats were randomly assigned into normal， model， colchicine （0.3 mg·kg-1）， and low-， medium-， and high-dose Danggui Sinitang （6.54， 13.08， and 26.16 g·kg-1） groups （n=10） and administrated with corresponding drugs by gavage. The rats in the normal group and model group were administrated with equal volume of normal saline by gavage for 7 days. One hour after administration on day 5， the GA model was established by injecting sodium urate suspension （50 g·L-1） into the right ankle joint of rats in other groups except the normal group， and the rats in the normal group were injected with sterile normal saline of the same volume. The swelling and pathological changes of the ankle joint were observed. The serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）， interleukin-6 （IL-6）， and IL-1β were determined. Western blot was employed to determine the protein levels of PI3K， phosphorylated PI3K （p-PI3K）， protein kinase B （Akt）， phosphorylated Akt （p-Akt）， mTOR， phosphorylated mTOR （p-mTOR）， microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 Ⅱ/Ⅰ （LC3Ⅱ/Ⅰ）， autophagy effector Beclin-1， and ubiquitin-binding protein p62 in the synovial tissue. Real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR （Real-time PCR） was employed to determine the mRNA levels of PI3K， Akt， mTOR， LC3， Beclin-1 and p62. ResultCompared with the normal control， the model group showed increased joint swelling index （P<0.01）， elevated serum levels of TNF-α， IL-6， and IL-1β， inflammatory cell infiltration， and fibrous tissue hyperplasia. In addition， the model group showed up-regulated protein levels of PI3K， p-PI3K， Akt， p-Akt， mTOR， p-mTOR， and p62 and mRNA levels of PI3K， Akt， mTOR， and p62 in the synovial tissue， while it showed down-regulated protein levels of LC3Ⅱ/Ⅰ and Beclin-1 and mRNA levels of LC3 and Beclin-1 （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， medium- and high-dose Danggui Sinitang alleviated the joint swelling （P<0.01）， lowered the serum levels of TNF-α， IL-6， and IL-1β （P<0.05）， and relieved the inflammatory cell infiltration in the synovial tissue of the ankle joint and the fibrous tissue hyperplasia. Moreover， they down-regulated the protein levels of PI3K， p-PI3K， Akt， p-Akt， mTOR， p-mTOR， and p62 and the mRNA levels of PI3K， Akt， mTOR， and p62 in the synovial tissue （P<0.05）， while they up-regulated the protein levels of LC3Ⅱ/Ⅰ and Beclin-1 and the mRNA levels of LC3 and Beclin-1 （P<0.05）. ConclusionDanggui Sinitang， especially at a high dose， can inhibit PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway to improve autophagy in the synovial tissue， thereby mitigating GA.
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@#Objective To investigate the resting brain functional connectivity in patients with post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI).Methods From January, 2020 to January, 2021, 24 PSCI patients were divided into mild group (n=12) and moderate group (n=12) according to Mini-Mental State Examination and Montreal Cognitive Assessment scores; and other ten healthy controls (control group) were included. All the subjects were scanned with 64-channel functional near-infrared spectroscopy in resting for six minutes. The data were analyzed with NirSpark 1.6.12 and SPSS 26.0.Results Using deoxyhemoglobin, the functional connectivity between bilateral hemispheres reduced in the moderate group compared with those in the control group (t=-2.763, P=0.024), especially for the functional connectivity between sensorimotor cortexes (F=12.674, P=0.031).Conclusion Functional connectivity between hemispheres decreases in PSCI patients, especially between sensorimotor cortexes.
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How to raise the quality of life of discharged patients with moderate or severe craniocerebral trauma, how to improve their social adaptive ability and reduce occurrence of complications constitute key researches in neurosurgery care. Using two-dimension code plus WeChat friends for continuing care of such patients, the hospital has significantly improved the functional state, activity of daily living, complications and family care ability, contributing to better outcomes of such patients care.
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Objective To know the situation of extramarital sexual behaviors and HIV infection in middle-aged and elderly people in Chongqing,and provide reference for AIDS prevention and treatment.Methods From October to December 2017,a multi-stage sampling method was used to recruit middle-aged and elderly people aged ≥50 years who lived in Dazu and Hechuan districts of Chongqing for at least one year,with a sample size of 410.Face-to-face questionnaires survey and HIV antibody test were conducted.Results A total of 408 people were surveyed,including 313 males and 95 females aged 50-88 (64.93 ± 9.03) years.The HIV infection rate was 1.47％ (6/408),with the rate of 1.28％ (4/313) in males and 2.11％ (2/95) in females.The awareness rate of AIDS related knowledge was 37.50％ (153/408).And 18.87％ (77/408) of subjects surveyed reported extramarital sexual behaviors,7.60％ (31/408) reported extramarital sexual behaviors in the past half year,the constant condom use rate was 19.35％ (6/31).The results of multivariate logistics model analysis on extramarital sexual behaviors showed that the prevalence in males were 39.51 times higher than that in females (OR=39.51,95％CI:5.03-310.30),4.60 times higher in those who were unmarried,divorced or widowed than that in the married or cohabitants (OR=4.60,95％CI:1.50-14.05),2.03 times higher in those with outside activities than those with individual activities (OR=2.03,95％CI:1.08-3.81) and 3.94 times higher in those with self-evaluation of emptiness of living state than that in those with engaged life (OR=3.94,95％CI:1.86-8.36).Conclusions The prevalence of extramarital sexual behavior in middle-aged and elderly people in some counties and districts in Chongqing is high.The factors such as gender,marital status,leisure activities,and self-evaluation of living state were related to the prevalence of extramarital sexual behaviors in this population.The condom use rate in extramarital sexual behavior was low.It is necessary to take effective interventions in this population.
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Objectives To analyze and understand the risk factors related to HIV new infections among men who have sex with men (MSM).Methods A longitudinal observational study among MSM was conducted to collect information on HIV related behaviors and sero-conversion.Univariate and multivariate generalized estimating equations (GEE) were used to discuss the risk factors for HIV new infection.Results A total number of 4 305 MSM were followed during 2013-2015.Among those self-reported MSM who are seeking partners on the Interner tended to have higher proportion on receptive anal intercourse and consistent condom use during anal intercourse than the subgroups seeking their partners in gay bars or bathrooms.HIV incidence among followed MSM during the study period appeared as 4.3/100 person years,with adjusted RR (aRR) of HIV infection for receptive anal intercourse as group 2.20 (95％ CI:1.49-3.24) times than that of insertion anal intercourse group.Those who used rush-poppers (aRR=1.55,95％CI:1.10-2.17),unprotected anal intercourse (aRR=2.24,95％ CI:1.62-3.08),and those with syphilis infection (aRR=2.95,95％ CI:2.00-4.35) were also risk factors for HIV new infections.After controlling other factors,the relationship between the ways of seeking partners and HIV new infection was not statistical significant.Conclusion Risk factors for HIV new infection among MSM appeared complex and interactive,suggesting that further studies are needed to generate tailored strategies for the prevention of HIV epidemic among MSM population.
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@#Objective In the recovery process of stroke patients, the ability of maintaining standing and sitting position might have a great effect on the improvement of activity of daily living. There are few the methods which evaluate quantitatively and effectively the ability of position control ability in clinical practice. The aim of the study is to quantitatively evaluate the reliability of posturographic parameters based on the center of pelvis in different standing positions and walking activity.Methods From May to June, 2018, Seventy-nine healthy participants were enrolled. They were evaluated with iReGo, a walking assisstant robot, in three conditions: normal standing position, left/right standing position and walking 10 meters at an appropriate speed. The computer calculated the posturographic parameters automatically. The participants completed their second test one day after the first one.Results During normal standing position, the intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC) of average sway in coronal plane, average sway in sagittal plane, path length, and covered area were more than 0.70. During left standing position, ICC of all the above parameters were more than 0.70. During right standing position, ICC of all the above parameters were more than 0.49. When walking 10 meters at an appropriate speed, ICC of path length and covered area were more than 0.75. Comparing different standing positions, the normal standing position was more stable than the left/right standing position, and there was no difference between the left and the right standing positions.Conclusion Posturographic parameters based on the center of pelvis might be a reliable way to assess the position control ability in different standing positions and walking process.
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Objective To know the situation of extramarital sexual behaviors and HIV infection in middle-aged and elderly people in Chongqing,and provide reference for AIDS prevention and treatment.Methods From October to December 2017,a multi-stage sampling method was used to recruit middle-aged and elderly people aged ≥50 years who lived in Dazu and Hechuan districts of Chongqing for at least one year,with a sample size of 410.Face-to-face questionnaires survey and HIV antibody test were conducted.Results A total of 408 people were surveyed,including 313 males and 95 females aged 50-88 (64.93 ± 9.03) years.The HIV infection rate was 1.47％ (6/408),with the rate of 1.28％ (4/313) in males and 2.11％ (2/95) in females.The awareness rate of AIDS related knowledge was 37.50％ (153/408).And 18.87％ (77/408) of subjects surveyed reported extramarital sexual behaviors,7.60％ (31/408) reported extramarital sexual behaviors in the past half year,the constant condom use rate was 19.35％ (6/31).The results of multivariate logistics model analysis on extramarital sexual behaviors showed that the prevalence in males were 39.51 times higher than that in females (OR=39.51,95％CI:5.03-310.30),4.60 times higher in those who were unmarried,divorced or widowed than that in the married or cohabitants (OR=4.60,95％CI:1.50-14.05),2.03 times higher in those with outside activities than those with individual activities (OR=2.03,95％CI:1.08-3.81) and 3.94 times higher in those with self-evaluation of emptiness of living state than that in those with engaged life (OR=3.94,95％CI:1.86-8.36).Conclusions The prevalence of extramarital sexual behavior in middle-aged and elderly people in some counties and districts in Chongqing is high.The factors such as gender,marital status,leisure activities,and self-evaluation of living state were related to the prevalence of extramarital sexual behaviors in this population.The condom use rate in extramarital sexual behavior was low.It is necessary to take effective interventions in this population.
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Objectives To analyze and understand the risk factors related to HIV new infections among men who have sex with men (MSM).Methods A longitudinal observational study among MSM was conducted to collect information on HIV related behaviors and sero-conversion.Univariate and multivariate generalized estimating equations (GEE) were used to discuss the risk factors for HIV new infection.Results A total number of 4 305 MSM were followed during 2013-2015.Among those self-reported MSM who are seeking partners on the Interner tended to have higher proportion on receptive anal intercourse and consistent condom use during anal intercourse than the subgroups seeking their partners in gay bars or bathrooms.HIV incidence among followed MSM during the study period appeared as 4.3/100 person years,with adjusted RR (aRR) of HIV infection for receptive anal intercourse as group 2.20 (95％ CI:1.49-3.24) times than that of insertion anal intercourse group.Those who used rush-poppers (aRR=1.55,95％CI:1.10-2.17),unprotected anal intercourse (aRR=2.24,95％ CI:1.62-3.08),and those with syphilis infection (aRR=2.95,95％ CI:2.00-4.35) were also risk factors for HIV new infections.After controlling other factors,the relationship between the ways of seeking partners and HIV new infection was not statistical significant.Conclusion Risk factors for HIV new infection among MSM appeared complex and interactive,suggesting that further studies are needed to generate tailored strategies for the prevention of HIV epidemic among MSM population.
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Objective Currently,the sit-to-stand process is not well evaluated.The aim of the study is to evaluate quantitatively the reliability of posturographic parameters in the sit-to-stand process.Methods Seventy-four healthy participants were enrolled and required to finish 20-second sitting,standing and the sit-to-stand process.The computer calculated the posturographic parameters automatically.The test was repeated twice to assess the reliability at an interval of six days.Results During sitting and standing position,the intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) of all the parameters were above 0.50,indicating a good or fair reliability.During the standing stance and sitting phase of the sit-to-stand process,the ICCs of all the parameters were above 0.40 and 0.60 respectively,showing a good or fair reliability.Conclusions Sit-to-stand posturographic parameters are a new way to assess the position control ability among the healthy participants with a good reliability.Further study should be conducted among patients to result in better functional and effectiveness evaluation.
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Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics of HIV/AIDS among older adults in Chongqing,and to provide scientific evidence for developing prevention and control measures.Methods The data were collected through the national AIDS reporting information system,SPSS 17.0 was used to analyze the data.Results From 2001 to 2015,a total of 10495 cases had been reported accumulatively,and HIV/AIDS cases was accounting for 31.1％.The study was showed that the main infection people was man and the main professional was the main farmer.Moreover,the main infection was heterosexual transmission and accounting for 91.5％.Conclusion The epidemic of HIV/AIDS aged over 50 was on the rapid rise from 2001 to 2015 in Chongqing,the publicity and education should be focused on them,to improve the relevant awareness and reduce their risk behavior.
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Objective To establish a comprehensive evaluation indexing system to appraise the implications of prevention and treatment of HIV/AIDS ,and to calculate the weight of each indicator .Methods Based on the idea of performance and input-out-put ,professional consultation ,and Delphi method was determined as the evaluation index system ,analytical hierarchy process (AHP) was used to calculate the weight value for each indicator .Results The evaluation indexing system had been established af-ter three rounds of professional consultation .It contained two 1st class indicators ,six 2nd class indicators and thirty-one in 3rd class indicators .The weight value of each indicator was calculated .Conclusion The evaluation indexing system that has been established and the weight value quantities are of completeness ,practicality ,operability and logic .They have important value for application in the future .
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Objective To explore the prospects for applying a brain-computer interface system in the reha-bilitation of dyskinesia by testing the brain-electricity signals of spinal cord injury patients and stroke patients during motor imagery. Methods The brain-electricity signals of 5 healthy people, 4 spinal cord injury patients and 2 stroke patients were tested during motor imagery, and the results were analyzed with a computer. Results All of the 5 healthy people showed event-related synchronization and desynchronization (ERS/ERD) in the α and β bands in the motor related cortex. Three of the 4 spinal cord injury patents showed similar characteristics, and 1 showed ob-vious and stable characteristics, but the 2 stroke patients did not show meaningful characteristics. Conclusions Spinal cord injury patients have brain-electrlcity characteristics similar to those of healthy people when they are expe-riencing motor imagery, whilst in the affected hemisphere of stroke patients the brain-electricity characteristics are not similar to those of healthy people.
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Objective To observe the effects of secoisolariciresinol (SECO) and its metabolites, enterolactone (ENL) and enterodiol (END), on proliferation of MCF-7 cell line and to the probable mechanism. Method Effect of SECO, END, ENL and genistein (GEN) on MCF-7 proliferation was investigated by MTT assay. Cell cycle arrest was measured by flow cytometry (FCM). Cell morphology was observed by optical microscope. The anticarcinogenic mechanism of SECO was analyzed. Results SECO had promotive effect on the cell growth at lower concentration (≤40 ?mol/L) but inhibition effect at higher concentration (100 ?mol/L). ENL and END, however, showed significant inhibition effect at all tested concentrations (10~100?mol/L). The cell cycle progression was arrested at G2/M phase and apoptosis was observed by optical microscope. Conclusion Effect of SECO on the MCF-7 cell proliferation depends on its concentration. Inhibition effect of SECO may relate to its metabolites ENL or END.